Medical Biology-Spring-23/24 Galata

Medical biology

Here are brief headline explanations for Karyotype and DNA Replication: Karyotype A karyotype refers to the complete set of chromosomes in an organism. It is typically organized by size, shape, and number for analysis. Used to identify genetic abnormalities, chromosomal disorders, or gender determination. Karyotyping is often performed using blood samples, bone marrow, or amniotic fluid cells. DNA Replication DNA replication is the process of producing two identical copies from one original DNA molecule. It occurs in the S phase of the cell cycle before cell division. Key enzymes include helicase, DNA polymerase, and ligase. The process follows a semi-conservative mechanism, where each new DNA molecule consists of one old strand and one new strand.